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A pressure relief valve serves a critical function in various systems by releasing excess pressure that may build up due to temperature changes or unintended malfunctions. When the pressure in a system exceeds a predetermined level, the relief valve automatically opens, allowing fluid to escape and thereby preventing potential damage to equipment, pipes, or the overall system. This operation is essential in maintaining safe operating conditions, preventing catastrophic failures, and ensuring the longevity of the equipment.

The options that suggest increasing fluid pressure, limiting fluid flow, or regulating electric flow do not align with the fundamental role of a pressure relief valve. Its primary function is not to control flow for operational efficiency or to manage electrical systems but to act as a safety mechanism that protects against overpressure situations. Thus, the correct understanding centers around its purpose to safeguard the system from excessive pressure by providing a controlled outlet for excess fluid.